LACUNA LEGIS PEMBERIAN KOMPENSASI BAGI KORBAN TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS DI INDOENSIA
Lacuna Legis in Compensation for Victims of Trafficking in Persons in Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59896/gara.v19i4.488Keywords:
Victims, Lacuna Legis, Compensation, Trafficking in PersonsAbstract
Regulations related to compensation for victims of trafficking in persons within the Indonesian legal framework still leave significant lacuna legis, or legal gaps. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze lacuna legis in the provision of compensation for victims of trafficking in persons in Indonesia. This study uses normative legal research with a legislative and conceptual approach. The results of the study show that there are lacuna legis in the TPPO Law, PSK Law, PP 35/2020, and PERMA 1/2022, which do not categorize victims of trafficking in persons as recipients of compensation. but instead limit the scheme only to victims of gross human rights violations and criminal acts of terrorism, thereby creating inequality in protection with victims of other crimes and contradicting the principles of modern victimology and the state's obligations under international law, which require the state to provide effective recovery for all victims of serious crimes, including victims of trafficking in persons. The recommendation in this study is that it is necessary to reconstruct the compensation arrangements for victims of trafficking in persons as an effort to fill the legislative gap so that protection for victims of trafficking in persons is more inclusive, responsive, and in line with international standards
References
A Kostruba,., M., Haliantych, & S. Iskra, (2023). Legal Gaps: Concept, Content, Problems of the Role of Legal Doctrine in Overcoming Them. Statute Law Review, Volume 44, Issue 2, https://doi.org/10.1093/slr/hmac016
A. Gallagher,. (2017). The International Law of Human Trafficking. Annual Review of Law and Social Science, 13.
Atikah Iis Siti. (2023). Yurisprudensi sebagai Upaya Koreksi terhadap Kekosongan dan Kelemahan Undang-Undang, YUDHISTIRA : Jurnal Yurisprudensi, Hukum dan Peradilan, Volume 1, Nomor 2.
Cusveller Jeltsje. (2025). Compensation for Victims of Human Trafficking: Inconsistencies, Impediments and Improvements, Faculty of Law, VU University Amsterdam.
Damayanti Indah dan Paramudhita Radea Respati. (2024). Peran Restitusi Dalam Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang, Unes Law Review, Volume 6, Nomor 3.
Elu Efraim dan Yusuf Hudi. (2025). Human Trafficking yang Terjadi di Indonesia Khususnya NTT, JIIC: Jurnal Intelek Insan Cendekia, Volume 2, Nomor 5.
Fatihah Shalaysha Amani., at.al. (2025). Reintegrasi dan Stigmatisasi Menimbang Efektivitas Diversi Bagi Anak yang Melakukan Tindak Pidana, Jurnal Hukum dan Kewarganegaraan, Volume11, Nomor 11, Prefix doi.org/10.3783/causa.v2i9.2461.
Gifari, at.al. (2025), Menakar Akses Keadilan bagi Korban Kekerasan Fisik Mahasiswa (Tinjauan Ilmu Viktimologi), Presidensial: Jurnal Hukum, Administrasi Negara, dan Kebijakan Publik, Volume. 2 Nomor. 2.
Hartanto Wahyu Tri dan Nynda Fatmawati O. (2025). Pemberian Restitusi Terhadap Korban Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang Terhadap Pekerja Migran Indonesia, JIHHP:Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora dan Politik, Volume 5, No. 4.
Indah Reviana Mutiara, Triadi Irwan. (2025), Penemuan Hukum Sebagai Implementasi Teori Hukum Dalam Menjawab Kekosongan Norma, Media Hukum Indonesia, 2025, Vol. 3, No. 4.
Jannah Miftahul., E. R. Bym, & M. C. Anwar, (2025). Perma 1/2022: Solusi atau Sekadar Formalitas dalam Pemenuhan Restitusi Bagi Korban Tindak Pidana?. Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research, 5 (2), https://doi.org/10.31004/innovative.v5i2.18645
Kurniawan Sandriya dan Pulungan Juli Julaiha. (2025). Martabat Kemanusiaan dalam Al-Qur’an menurut Tafsir Al-Azhar Karya Prof. Hamka, Ulumuddin: Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman,
Kusyandi Adi. (2024). Restitusi dan Kompensasi Bagi Korban Kejahatan, Jurnal Yustitia, Faculty of Law Universitas Wiralodra.
M. Groenhuijsen, & R. Letschert, (2019). Reflections on Victims’ Rights and Restorative Justice. European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research, 25(3), https://doi.org/10.1007/s10610-018-9372-3
Marthinho Gabriela, Gonçalves Mariana, Matos. Marlene (2020). Child trafficking, comprehensive needs and professional practices: A systematic review, Children and Youth Services Review, Volume 119,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105674
Maryam Sintia dan Prasetyo Boedi. (2025). Implementasi Restitusi Bagi Korban Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang, Ranah Research: Journal of Multidiciplinary Research and Development, Volume 7, Nomor 2.
Meyadinata Geofani Lingga, dkk. (2025). Kompensasi Dan Restitusi Sebagai Bentuk Perlindungan Negara Terhadap Pemenuhan Hak Korban Tindak Pidana Terorisme, DINAMIKA, Volume 31, Nomor 1.
Nahor T. Banjar. (2025). Restorative Justice: Saat Hukum Mendengarkan Korban, Jurnal Collegium Studiosium Journal, Volume 8, Nomor 1.
Oktavia Dea Prida, Apriyani Rini, dan Wati. Agustina (2025). Tanggung Jawab LPSK dalam Pelaksanaan Restitusi Korban Kekerasan Seksual oleh Pelaku yang Tidak Mampu atau Terpidana Mati, Referendum: Jurnal Hukum Perdata dan Pidana, Volume 2, Nomor 3.
P. García, & C. Ruiz, (2019). Victims’ Access to Justice and the Limits of Legal Frameworks. International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice, 57.
Pandey Mridula Harendra dan B. Com, (2024). Human Trafficking as A Transnational Crime: Legal Prespectives, Internasional Journal for Multidisciplinary Research (IJFMR), Volume 6, Issue 6.
Perdagangan Orang Mengincar Anak-Anak: Komunikasi via Media Sosial https://pusiknas.polri.go.id/detail_artikel/perdagangan_orang_mengincar_anak-anak:_komunikasi_via_media_sosial, diakses 10 Oktober 2025.
Prabowo Fandy dan Sesung Rusdianto. (2018). Prinsip Perlindungan yang Sama dalam Pemberian Bantuan Hukum Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Berat, Al-Qānūn, Jurnal Pemikiran dan Pembaharuan Hukum Islam, Volume 21, Nomor 1, 125-144.
Pratama Fachrizza Sidi. (2019). Fenomena Rechtvacuum Dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 51 Tahun 2020 Terkait Masa Perpanjangan Paspor Menjadi 10 Tahun, JLBP: Journal of Law and Border Protection, Volume 1, Nomor 1.
Rahmania, N., & Nirmala, A. Z. . (2024). Yurisdiksi Indonesia Atas Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang Terhadap Pengungsi Rohingya Di Provinsi Aceh. Jurnal Risalah Kenotariatan, 5(1), https://doi.org/10.29303/risalahkenotariatan.v5i1.227
Ramadianto Anang Riyan at.al. (2025). Victim Impact Statement as a Model of Victim-Centered Justice in Child Sexual Abuse Cases, JURNAL HUKUM IUS QUIA IUSTUM, Volume 32, Nomor 2, https://doi.org/10.20885/iustum.vol32.iss2.art4
Restanto Angga Dedy dan Pangestika Elza Qorina, (2023). Perdagangan Manusia di Indonesia: Pelanggaran HAM dan Urgensi Penegakan Hukum, Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, Volume 7, Nomor 2, hlm. 14856-14864.
Rizaldy, B., & Kristianto, C. (2025). Peran Viktimologi dalam Reformasi Hukum Pidana di Indonesia. Jurnal Kolaborasi Riset Sarjana, 2(3), Retrieved from https://ejournal.uhb.ac.id/index.php/korisa/article/view/1978
S. Demeke,. (2024). A human rights-based approach for effective criminal justice response to human trafficking. Journal of International Humanitarian Action, 9(4). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41018-023-00143-4
Selin I Wayan, Musa Altje A., Rompas Daizen, (2023). Analisis Yuridis Mengenai Perlindungan Korban Tindak Pidana Menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2006 tentang Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban, Jurnal Lex Administratum, Volume 11, Nomor 2.
Siga kemenpppa, Jumlah Korban Perdagangan Manusia (2024), https://siga.kemenpppa.go.id/dataset?ids=MTIzOA==&entity=bmF0aW9uYWw=, di akses 10 Oktober 2025.
Sugiarto Agus. (2024). Legal Review Of The Role Of Witness And Victim Protection Institutions Under Indonesian Law, Fox justi: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Volume 14, Number 02, DOI 10.58471/justi.v14i02
U Bui,. A., Efendi S., dan Mandala O. S.. (2024). “Studi Komparatif Pelaksanaan Hak Restitusi Bagi Korban Perdagangan Orang di Indonesia”, Jurnal Fundamental Justice, 5, no. 2.
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2020). Guidelines for Assisting Victims of Trafficking and Access to Remedies.
Wemmers, J.-A. (2017). Victims’ Rights and the International Criminal Court: Perceptions within the Court regarding the Victims’ Right to Participate. International Review of Victimology, 23(3), 241–257. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269758017714547
Yuniati. Nita, (2024). Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Korban Kejahatan, Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Humaniora, dan Politik (JIHHP), Volume 4, Nomor 6.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Nunung Rahmania, Ahwan Ahwan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
