Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning Berbantuan Media Visual Terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik Kelas IV

The Effect of the Problem-Based Learning Model Assisted by Visual Media on the Critical Thinking Skills of Grade IV Students

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the effect of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model assisted by visual media on the critical thinking skills of fourth-grade students in the IPAS subject at SD Negeri 064990 Medan Johor during the 2025/2026 academic year. The study was motivated by students’ low critical thinking skills, particularly in analyzing problems, providing logical reasoning, and drawing appropriate conclusions. A quantitative approach with a pre-experimental method and a One Group Pretest-Posttest design was employed. The sample consisted of 30 fourth-grade students selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through observation, tests, questionnaires, and documentation. The results showed that the mean pretest score increased from 73.23 to 84.53 on the posttest, representing an improvement of 11.30 points. The hypothesis test using the Paired Sample t-Test produced a t-value of -10.445 with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. Therefore, H₀ was rejected and Hₐ was accepted. These findings indicate that the Problem Based Learning model assisted by visual media has a significant positive effect on students’ critical thinking skills in IPAS learning.